These Windows represent the 12 sons of Jacob, from whom came the 12 tribes of Israel. Chagall's paintings are based on Genesis 49 and Deuteronomy 33.

The colors used in each window are also inspired from the Holy Bible. Mainly from the breastplate of the High Priest in Exodus 28:15, which was described as gold, blue, purple and scarlet, and contained 12 distinct gems.