Ma'oz Zion ("Stronghold of Zion"): The settlement was established in 1951 to house Jewish refugees from Middle East; mainly Iraq, Iran and North African countries. It was built at the foot of Qastal Hill to mainly house immigrants who worked in the nearby Solel Boneh stone quarry.
Motza Illit: It was established in 1933, near a village by the same name. Motza infact is the first modern Jewish village established (in 1859) outside Jerusalem. Motza is believed to be on the site of the Biblical village Mozah (Joshua 18:26) .
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